Green Algae�
Green Algae belong to the Chlorophyta division which generally consists of 9,000 to 12,000 Algal species. Inside these Green Algae, photosynthetic pigments are present. Photosynthetic pigments might be chlorophylls a and b, carotene, and xanthophyll. The distinctive cells of this algal are might be motile or nonmotile, comprise of a dominant vacuole, pigments confined in plastids that diverge in shape in various species. This Algal cell wall consists of two layers while the outer layer composed of Cellulose and inner layer composed of Pectin cell wall. Inside this Algae food material is deposited in the form of starch inside the specialized structures called Pyrenoids. Pyrenoids are proteinaceous nuclei within the plastids. Green algae, capricious in size and shape. Single-celled Algae are for example Chlamydomonas and Desmids.
Colonial algae are e.g. Hydrodictyon and Volvox. While filamentous Algae are Spirogyra and Cladophora. Tubular Algae are Actebularia and Caulerpa. In the Green Algae sexual reproduction is communal. In this reproduction type gametes are formed which have two or four flagella. Asexual reproduction is done by the process of cell division normally occur in Protococcus species. In various species motile or nonmotile asexual spores are formed for example in Ulothrix, Oedogonium species.
Green Algae Habitat
They present in fresh water. They are generally attached to submerged rocks and wood pieces. Some time on the stagnant water algae scum or layer is present. For the living creature of Ocean free floating miniature algae are the significant source of food and oxygen. Green algae also play a significant role in the plant’s evolutionary study. Chlamydomonas that is single-celled algae is analogous s to the inherited form that possibly gave rise to land plants.
Green Algae Characteristics
Features of this Algae group is given below:
1. These Algae consists of photosynthetic pigments eg.� chlorophyll a�and b.
2. They also possessed beta-carotene that is yellow colour photosynthetic pigment.
3. And also comprised of numerous xanthophylls molecules that are yellowish or brownish pigments.
4. Inside these Algae food molecules stored in the form of starch. But in higher plants food molecules stored in the form of fats or oils.
5. They might exist in unicellular, multicellular, colonial or coenocytic form.
6. They comprised of membrane-bounded chloroplasts and nuclei.
7. Many green algae are aquatic and commonly found in freshwater, or marine habitats.
8. Some trebouxiophytes Algae species are terrestrial grow on soil, trees, or rocks.
Green Algae Examples
Examples are given below:
-
Charales
Examples: Chara, Nitella
� � �2.Volvocales
Examples: Chlamydomonas, Voivox, Palmelia, Prasinociadus
� � 3.Ulotricales
Examples: Ulothrix, Ulva, Microspora, Prasiolas
� � 4.Chlorococcales
Examples: Chiorococcum, Chlorella, Westella, Pediastrum
� �5.Chaetophorales
Examples: Cephaleuros, Oedocladium
� � 6. Cladophorales
Examples: Cladophora, Pithophora
7. Oedogoniales
Examples: Oedogonium, Oedociadium
� � �8. Siphonales
Examples: Protasiphon, Caulerpa, Codium
� � � 9. Conjugales
Examples: Cylindrocystis, Spirogyra, Zygnema, Desmicium
